Impactos da Musicoterapia em um Serviço Residencial Terapêutico: Estudo Exploratório de Métodos Mistos

Frederico Gonçalves Pedrosa; Mariana Lacerda Arruda; José Davison da Silva Júnior

doi:10.5216/mh.v25.82941

Authors

Frederico Gonçalves Pedrosa Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil) fredericopedrosa@ufmg.br https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0682-0734
Mariana Lacerda Arruda Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil) mariana.arruda@unespar.edu.br https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1996-9490
José Davison da Silva Júnior Instituto Federal de Pernambuco (IFPE, Olinda, PE, Brazil) davison.junior@olinda.ifpe.edu.br https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-0658

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5216/mh.v25.82941

Keywords:

Music Therapy, Mental Health, Elderly, Psychometrics, Machine Learning

Abstract

This research aimed to explore the impact of music therapy on cognitive development, emotional expression, and social interaction among elderly residents of a Therapeutic Residential Service (SRT). The study focused on individuals with a history of prolonged psychiatric hospitalizations. Method: Twelve weekly music therapy sessions were conducted. Qualitative data were collected through session reports and analyzed using text mining techniques. Quantitative data were obtained from the Cognitive Assessment of Elderly People in Music Therapy (ACPIM) and analyzed using the Reliable Change Index (RCI) and individual trajectory modeling. Results: Analysis revealed that music therapy significantly contributed to emotional expression and social interaction among residents, particularly through the evocation of autobiographical memories and the enhancement of group cohesion during musical experiences. Inter-individual analysis showed an average increase of 1 point in ACPIM scores per session (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant improvement in cognitive function across sessions. Intra-individual analysis presented a reliable improvement in 70% of the residents, as confirmed by the Reliable Change Index (RCI). The individual trajectory analysis indicated cognitive patterns described by a linear harmonic model, showing cyclical fluctuations in scores across the sessions. Discussion: The findings suggest that music therapy may be an effective intervention for psychosocial rehabilitation in SRTs, promoting intra-individual cognitive development. However, inter-individual effects were borderline in terms of statistical significance, likely due to the small sample size or cognitive fluctuations. Future studies should consider larger samples and further investigate the applicability of the linear harmonic model.

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Author Biographies

Frederico Gonçalves Pedrosa, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil) fredericopedrosa@ufmg.br

Professor of the Bachelor of Music with Qualification in Music Therapy at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. Ph.D of Music (2023 - the Federal University of Minas Gerais) and Master of Music (2018 - the Federal University of Paraná) of Music and Bachelor in Music Therapy (2010). Participates in the research groups Center for Studies in Music Therapy, CEMT-CNPq, and the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies and Research in Music Therapy, NEPIM-CNPq. Author of Assessment Scale for Group Music Therapy in Substance Use Disorders and an External Measure. Ten-string-Brazilian-guitar player at Herança Ancestral samba group.

Mariana Lacerda Arruda, Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil) mariana.arruda@unespar.edu.br

Doutora em Educação (UFPR), Mestre em Educação (UFPR). Especialista em Neuropsicologia (2006). Especialista em Educação Especial (2009). Graduação em Musicoterapia pela Faculdade de Artes do Paraná (2005 - UNESPAR/FAP). Possui curso técnico em Música pela Escola de Educação Profissionalizante Rosa Mística. Diretora do Centro de Música e Musicoterapia da UNESPAR - Campus de Curitiba II. Professora do Bacharelado em Musicoterapia e do Mestrado Profissional em Educação Inclusiva da Universidade Estadual do Paraná - Campus de Curitiba II - Faculdade de Artes do Paraná. Membro do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Interdisciplinares em Musicoterapia (NEPIM/CNPQ). Editora da Revista InCantare (A4). Autora do instrumento Avaliação Cognitiva de Pessoas Idosas em Musicoterapia (ACPIM). Site: https://sites.google.com/view/acpim. Coordenadora da Roda de Samba da FAP.

José Davison da Silva Júnior, Instituto Federal de Pernambuco (IFPE, Olinda, PE, Brazil) davison.junior@olinda.ifpe.edu.br

Music Educator, Music Therapist, and Psychologist. Permanent Professor of the Professional Master's Program in Professional and Technological Education at the Federal Institute of Pernambuco and Collaborating Professor in the Master's and Doctoral Programs in Music at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. Coordinator of the Specialization Course in Music Education in Basic Education and the 60+ Center at the Federal Institute of Pernambuco, Olinda Campus. Postdoctoral Researcher in Neuroscience and Cognition at the Federal University of ABC. Postdoctoral Researcher in Contemporary Education at the Federal University of Pernambuco. Ph.D. in Music/Music Education from the Federal University of Bahia (funded by CNPq). Completed a sandwich Ph.D. program at the Center for Mind and Brain at the University of California, Davis (funded by Capes). Master's in Music/Music Therapy from the Federal University of Goiás (funded by CNPq). Specialist in Music Therapy from the Brazilian Conservatory of Music. Specialist in Special Education from Frassinetti College of Recife. Holds a Bachelor's degree in Law from Olinda Law School. Holds a teaching degree in Music from the Federal University of Pernambuco. Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Frassinetti College of Recife.