Morphological and chemical characteristics leaf blades of Paspalum spp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/rbn.v1i1.43247Keywords:
Digestibility, Forage, GrassAbstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of using the leaf blades tropical grasses of Paspalum spp. for animal consumption by means of morphological and physiological charac? teristics, quantitative anatomy and chemical characteristics. The experiment was conducted from August 2009 to June 2010, in the municipality of Dourados/MS. We evaluated eight Paspalum spp. species and the seeds were provided by Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications. The means of the features were grouped by the Scott?Knott test. We observed genotypes with potential for foraging. Paspalum malacophyllum stood out the by morpho?physiological, chemical and anatomical characteristics. For the anatomical features with higher quality tissue proportions, the Paspalum glaucescens stood out, with high proportions of mesophyll and paren? chyma bundle sheath. Anatomical reviews of leaf blade Paspalum spp. indicated significant differencesamong genotypes in proportion and tissue composition.
Downloads
References
Akin, D. E. 1979. Microscopic evaluation forage digestion by rumen microorganisms – A review. Journal of Animal Science. 48: 701?710.
Akin, D. E. & L. L. Rigsby. 1985. Degradation of Bermuda grass. by species of ruminal bacteria. Applied Environmental Microbiology. 50: 825?830.
Aliscioni, S. S. & M. O. Arriaga. 1998. Estudio histofoliar comparado de los grupos Virgata y Quadrifaria del género Paspalum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae). Candollea. 53: 333–348.
Aliscioni, S. S. & S. S. Denham. 2008. Rachis of the genus Paspalum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae): anatomy and taxonomic significance of the primary branches of the inflorescences. Flora. 203: 60–76.
AOAC – Association of official analytical chemists. 1990. Official methods of analysis. Arlington. 1: 72?74.
Baréa, K., S. M. Scheffer-Basso & D. Favero. 2006. Desenvolvimento morfológico de Paspalum paniculatum L. (Poaceae). Biotemas. 19: 33?39.
Barry, T. N. & S. J. Duncan. 1984. The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus 1. Voluntary intake. British Journal of Nutrition. 51: 485?491.
Brito, C. J. F. A, R. A. Rodella, F. C. Deschamps & Y. Alquini. 1999. Anatomia quantitativa e degradação in vitro de tecidos em cultivares de capim?elefante. R. Bras. Zootec. 28: 223? 229.
Camacho de Torres, E. F., H. Rodriguez & L. Guevara. 1999. Paspalum remianum Camacho, Rodríguez & Guevara. sp. nov., Gramineae de Venezuela. Ernstia. 8: 105–114.
Canto-Dorow, T. S. do, H. M. Longhi-Wagner & J. F. Montenegro Valls. 1996. Revisão taxonômica das espécies de Paspalum L. gru? po Notata (Poaceae?Paniceae) do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Botânica. 47: 3?44.
Cardoso, E. C., E. Braga, A. P. Camarão, W. C. Moreno, J. Moutinho, S. S. Souza, A. H. H. Minervino & G. D. G. Ferreira. 2006. Teores de proteína bruta, extrato etéreo e minerais de gramíneas de Paspalum repens e Paspalum fasciculatum de ecossistemas de Várzea do Baixo Amazonas, Pará, Brasil. Pasturas Tropicales. 28: 67?71.
Caro, J. A. & E. Sanchez. 1969. Las especies de Cynodon (Gramineae) de la Republica Argentina. Kurtziana. 5: 191?252.
Cheng, K. J., J. P. Fay & R. E. Howarth. 1980. Sequence of events in the digestion of fresh legume leaves by rumen bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 40: 613?625.
Daykin, N. E. & R. S. Hussey. 1985. Staining and histopathological techniques in nemato? logy, p. 39?48. In: K. R. BARKER, C. C. CAR? TER, & J. N. SASSER (Ed.). Advance Treatise on Meloidogyne, Releigh, North Caroline Sta? te University Grafics.
Filgueiras, T. S., H. N. Longui-Wagner, P. L. Viana, A. Zanin, A. Guglieri, R. C. Oliveira, T. S. Canto-Dorow, R. T. Shirasuna & J. F. Valls. 2010. Poaceae in lista de espécies da flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro.
Gomes, R. A., B. Lempp, L. Jank, G. C. Carpejani & M. D. G. Morais. 2011. Características anatômicas e morfofisiológicas de lâminas foliares de genótipos de Panicum maximum. Pesquisa Agropec. Bras. 46: 205?211.
Hagquist, C. W. 1974. Preparation and care of microscope slides. The American Biology Tea? cher. 36: 414?417.
Harbers, L. H., F. K. Brazle & D. J. Rainten. 1981. Microbial degradation of smooth brome and tall fescue observed by scanning electron microscopy. Journal of Animal Science. 51: 439?446.
Johansen, D. A. 1940. Plant Micro technique. McGraw?Hill, New York.
Jung, H. G. & D. A. Deetz. 1993. Cell wall lignification and degradability, p. 315-346. In: JUNG, H. G., D. R. BUXTON, R. D. HATFIELD, et al. (Ed.). Forage cell wall structure and digestibility, ASA?CSSA?SSSA, Madison.
Lempp, B. 2007. Avanços metodológicos da microscopia na avaliação de alimentos. R. Bras. Zootec., suplemento especial. 36: 315?329.
Marten, G. C., J. S. Shenk & F. E. Barton. 1985. Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrosco? py (NIRS), Analysis Quality. USDA, Agriculture Handbook, Washington.
Masaoka, Y., J. R. Wilson & J. B. Hacker. 1991. Selecting for nutritive value in Digitaria milanjiana 3. Relation of chemical composition and morphological and anatomical characteristics to the difference in digestibility of divergently selected full sibs, and comparison with Digitaria eriantha ssp. pentzii (pangola grass). Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 31: 631?638.
Mauseth, J. D. 1988. Plant Anatomy. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company. Inc. California, p.560.
Merchen, N. R. & L. D. Bourquin. 1994. Process of digestion and factors influencing di? gestion of forage?based diets by ruminants, p. 564?612. In: FAHEY Jr., G. C. (Ed.). Forage quality, evaluation and utilization, Wisconsin: ASA/CSSA/SSSA, Madison.
Mertens, D. R. 1994. Regulation of forage intake, p. 450?493. In: FAHEY, G. C. Jr.; M. COLLINS, D. R. MERTENS, et al. (Ed.). Forage quality, evaluation and utilization, Madison.
Moore, J. E. & G. O. Mott. 1973. Structural inhi? bitors of quality in tropical grasses, p. 53?98. In: MATCHES, A. G. (Ed.). Anti quality com? ponents of forages, CSSA, Special publication, Madison, n.4.
Morrone, O., A. S. Vega, F. O. Zuloaga. 1996. Revisión del grupo Dissecta (s.str.) del género Paspalum (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae). Candollea. 51: 2?34.
Morrone, O., S. S. Denham, F. O. Zuloaga. 2004. Revisión taxonómica del gênero Paspalum grupo Eriantha (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae). Annals of the Missoure Botanical Garden. 91: 225?246.
Ogie-Odia, E. A., A. I. Mokwenye, O. Kekere & O. Timothy. 2010. Comparative vegetative and foliar epidermal features of three Paspalum L. species in Edostate, Nigeria. Ozean Journal of Applied Science. 3: 29?38.
Oliveira, R. C. & J. F. M. Valls. 2002. Taxonomia de Paspalum L., grupo Linearia (Gramineae?Paniceae) do Brasil. Rev. Bras. Bot. 25(4): 371?389.
Paciullo, D. S. C., J. A. Gomide, E. D. Silva, D. S. Queiroz & C. A. M. Gomide. 2002. Características Anatômicas da Lâmina Foliar e do Colmo de Gramíneas Forrageiras Tropicais, em Função do Nível de Inserção no Perfilho, da Idade e da Estação de Crescimento. R. Bras. Zootec. 31: 890?899.
Quarín, C. L. & W. W. Hanna. 1980. Chromosome behavior, embryo sac development, and fertility of Paspalum modestum, P. boscianum, and P. conspersum. Journal of Heredity. 71: 419?422.
Radford, P. J. 1967. Growth analysis formulae – their use and abuse. Crop Science. 7: 171?5. Scheffer-Basso, S. M. & M. M. Gallo. 2008.
Aspectos morfofisiológicos e bromatológicos de Paspalum plicatulum. R. Bras. Zootec. 37(10): 1758?1762.
Scheffer-Basso, S. M., G. L. Rodrigues & M. V. Bordignon. 2002. Caracterização Morfo? fisiológica e Anatômica de Paspalum urvillei (Steudel). R. Bras. Zootec. 31(4): 1674? 1679.
Sisvar software. 2003. versão 4.6. Ferreira, D. Lavras: DEX/UFLA. Software.
Sniffen, C. J., R. W. Beverly, C. S. Mooney, M. B. Roe, A. L. Skidmore & J.R. Black. 1993. Nutrient requirements versus supply in the dairy cow: strategies to account for variabi? lity. Journal of Dairy Science. 76: 3160?3178.
Strapasson, E., R. Vencovsky & L. A. R. Batista. 2000. Seleção de descritores na carac? terização de germoplasma de Paspalum sp. por meio de componentes principais. R. Bras. Zootec. 29: 373?381.
Valls, J. F. M. & R. C. de. Oliveira. 2012. Paspalum in Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro.
Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson & B. A. Lewis.1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral deter? gent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 74: 3583?3597.
Van Soest, P. J. 1994. Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. 2 ed. Nueva York. Cornell Universi? ty Press. p.476.
Vilela, L., A. O. Barcellos & R. P. Andrade. 2001. Calagem e Adubação para o Capim?Pojuca. Rec. Téc.? Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina. 25: 1?2.
Wilson, J. R., K. L. Anderson & J. B. Hacker. 1989. Dry matter digestibility in vitro of leaf and stem of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliares) and related species and its relation to plant morphology and anatomy. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 40(2): 281?291.
Wilson, J. R. 1993. Organization of forage plant tissue, p. 1?27. In: JUNG, H. G., D. R. BUX? TON, R. D. HATIFIELD, J. RALPH (Ed.). Forage cell wall structure and digestibility. Madison: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin.
Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2005. Revisión de las especies de Paspalum para América del Sur austral (Argentina, Bolivia, sur del Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay). Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, v.102.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The expontaneos submmition of the manuscript automaticaly implies in the cession of all patrimonial rights for the Journal of Neotropical Bilogy (RBN) after publication. The autor allow the right of first publication of the article to the RBN, under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) Licence.
There are garanties for the authors to the authorial and moral rights, for each one of the articles published by RBN, with permissions:
1. The use of article and contents for the education and researches.
2. The use of the article and their contents, linking to the Article on the web site of the RBN, allowing the divulgation on:
- institutional closed web (intranet).
- open access repositories.
3. Preparation and divulgation of the other publication derived from the article and its content, if there is citation of the original publication by RBN.
4. Make printed copies in small quatinties for personal use.