Association of Kappa casein gene polymorphism with milk production traits in crossbred dairy cows

Wefak  J.  Albazi; Tahreer Al-Thuwaini; Muna Alamely; Zuhair MA. Jeddoa; Rana Mousa; Faten Al-Dawmy; Aqeel H. Atallah; Raeed Altaee; Eman Jabber; Fateh  AI-Shimmary; Saba Salih; Nabaa  Al-Himaery

doi:10.1590/1809-6891v24e-74079E

Autores

Wefak J. Albazi College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraque. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2391-4839
Tahreer Al-Thuwaini College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Babil, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4534-2963
Muna Alamely University of Karbala, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karbala, Iraque. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6974-2780
Zuhair MA. Jeddoa College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Zahra University, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-956X
Rana Mousa College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-8019
Faten Al-Dawmy College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8845-5357
Aqeel H. Atallah College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Zahra University, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-8353
Raeed Altaee University of Karbala, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karbala, Iraque. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-8014
Eman Jabber University of Karbala, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karbala, Iraque. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7020-1890
Fateh AI-Shimmary University of Karbala, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karbala, Iraque https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-052X
Saba Salih University of Karbala, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karbala, Iraque. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-8281
Nabaa Al-Himaery University of Karbala, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karbala, Iraque https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3161-3374

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v24e-74079E

Resumo

As propriedades qualitativas e tecnológicas do leite são muito afetadas por polimorfismos genéticos no gene kappa-caseína e esses polimorfismos podem servir como marcadores informativos de rendimento e composição. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi detectar polimorfismos do gene kappa-caseína (kappa-CN) e sua associação com características de produção de leite em vacas leiteiras mestiças. Cem animais mestiços (Freisian x Jenoubi) saudáveis, entre três e cinco anos de idade, foram amostrados durante a primeira lactação para sangue e leite. O DNA genômico foi extraído do sangue total e o polimorfismo dos fragmentos de restrição do DNA genômico (RFLP-PCR) foi usado para determinar o genótipo do gene kappa-CN. Em consequência da digestão de restrição deste fragmento com Hind III, ele apresentou três padrões de restrição diferentes: BB (453 pares de bases não cortadas), AB (453, 206 e 225 pares de bases) e AA (206 e 225 pares de bases). Com base na diversidade genética, o genótipo AB foi o mais predominante (n = 67), com frequência de 0,67. Genótipo variante do gene kappa-CN foi associado com características de produção de leite em vacas leiteiras mestiças. Animais com a variante AA tiveram maior produção de leite e maior percentual de gordura, caseína, proteína e sólidos não gordurosos (SNG) (P≤0,05) (1,397kg, 0,75%, 0,31%, 0,27% e 0,68%, respectivamente) do que aqueles com variante BB. Uma análise de regressão logística confirmou que os genótipos kappa-CN aumentam a produção de leite e o teor de caseína. Portanto, variantes genéticas do gene kappa-CN podem ser usadas como marcadores genéticos para melhorar as características de produção de leite em bovinos leiteiros.
Palavras-chave: bovinos, variantes genéticas, proteína do leite.

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