Fatores que afetam a distribuição horária do parto em vacas Holandesas em um ambiente quente

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Resumo

Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar se o número de partos por hora em vacas da raça Holandesa varia de acordo com o sexo do bezerro, distócia, natimorto, duração da gestação e estresse térmico no momento do parto. Além disso, avaliou-se a predição do horário mensal de parto das vacas por meio de um modelo autorregressivo integrado de médias móveis (ARIMA). Foram utilizados os dados de 29,410 vacas da raça Holandesa, registrados ao longo de sete anos em um único rebanho. Mais vacas/novilhas pariram durante o dia (57.5 %) do que à noite (42.5 %). Vacas submetidas a estresse térmico severo (Índice de Temperatura e Umidade [ITU] > 84) no dia do parto pariram, em média, 30 minutos mais tarde (P < 0,001) do que vacas sem estresse térmico (ITU < 70). Vacas com gestações < 277 dias pariram 24 minutos mais tarde (P < 0.05) do que vacas com gestações entre 279 e 281 dias. Em média, o parto ocorreu seis minutos mais cedo (P < 0.05) em vacas que pariram bezerros machos e bezerros fêmeas. Vacas que deram à luz bezerros natimortos pariram, em média, uma hora mais tarde (P < 0,001) do que aquelas que deram à luz bezerros vivos. Vacas que apresentaram dificuldades no parto pariram, em média, uma hora mais tarde (P < 0,001) do que vacas com parto normal. O modelo ARIMA indicou que o desvio da hora do parto em relação à média geral foi maior no verão e menor no inverno. Concluiu-se que o clima teve forte influência nos ritmos mensais de parto em vacas e novilhas, e que os modelos ARIMA estimaram de forma robusta a ocorrência de partos. Embora diversos fatores tenham afetado significativamente a frequência de nascimentos, essas alterações não foram substanciais o suficiente para serem relevantes e tiveram importância prática limitada para o manejo de vacas Holandesas gestantes.
Palavras-chave: ARIMA; distocia; duração da gestação; estresse térmico; natimorto.

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Biografia do Autor

Narciso Ysac Ávila, Sea University, Ciudad Universitaria 71980 Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca 70902, Mexico

Professor

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Publicado

2026-04-16

Como Citar

TREVIÑO, Nancy; MELLADO, Miguel; MORALES-CRUZ, Juan Luis; CONTRERAS, Viridiana; GARCIA, José Eduardo; ÁVILA, Narciso Ysac; MELLADO, Jesús. Fatores que afetam a distribuição horária do parto em vacas Holandesas em um ambiente quente. Ciência Animal Brasileira / Brazilian Animal Science, Goiânia, v. 27, 2026. Disponível em: https://revistas.ufg.br/vet/article/view/84360. Acesso em: 20 abr. 2026.

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