INFLUENCE OF SEX AND EGG WEIGHT ON VILLUS AND CRYPT SIZE OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IN BROILER EMBRYOS AND CHICKS
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Produção de avesAbstract
The influence of sex and egg weight on small intestine villi height and crypt depth was analyzed at 18 d of incubation, at hatching, and 7 days post-hatch. Amounts of duodenum. jejunum and ileum were removed and fixed in Bouin solution for 24 hours. After rinse in 5% ethanol, the amounts were dehydrated in a graded alcohol series up to absolute ethanol (70%, 80%, 90% and 100%), diafanized in absolute xylene and embedded in paraplast. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Dta were submitted to analysis of variance. And significant treatment means were separated by Tukey´s test (p<0.05). In all three analyzed ages, birds from heavy eggs presented the heaviest body weights. At 7 days of age, female chicks were heavier than males. In the jejunum, villi were higher in male embryos as compared to female embryos, whereas in the ileum, villi were higher in females as compared to males. In the three intestinal segments, crypts were deeper in males than in females. Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum villi height and jejunum crypt depth were higher in embryos derived from heavy eggs. At hatching, duodenal crypts were deeper in male than in female chicks, while jejunum and ileum crypts were deeper in female chicks. Newly-hatched chicks from heavy eggs presented the highest villi. In the three intestinal segments, crypt was shallower in chicks hatched from light as compared to heavy eggs. At 7 days of age, jejunum villi were higher in male than in female chicks, whereas crypts were deeper in females in all intestinal segments. Chicks hatched from heavy eggs presented the highest jejunum and ileum villi, and the deepest ileum depth. The results of this study show that body weight and the intestinal mucosa are influenced by sex and egg weight, and that females from heavy eggs were the heaviest chicks, and their jejunum and ileum mucosa presented the highest growth.
KEY WORDS: Broiler embryos, chicks, egg weight, sex, small intestine.
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