Characterization and anaerobic digestion of manure from pigs submitted to feed restriction or supplemented with ractopamine or chromium
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the production and anaerobic digestion of manure
from finishing pigs subjected to feed restriction or supplemented with ractopamine or chromium (Cr).
The waste came from 50 barrows in the finishing phase, aged ± 154 days, with a starting weight of
99.0 ± 4.4 kg and a final weight of 117.2 ± 5.8 kg. The experimental diets were as follows: control
(conventional diet), qualitative restriction (7.5% reduction in net energy compared to the control diet),
quantitative restriction (15% reduction in feed supply), Cr (0.8 mg), and ractopamine (10 ppm). The
data were subjected to an analysis of variance using a randomized block design, in which the weeks of
analysis were considered blocks (cofactors). There were no differences in manure production between
the diets regarding natural matter (NM), dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), or organic matter (OM).
Animals fed the control diet had the highest residue coefficient, and there was no difference among
the other diets. No differences were observed among the diets regarding total solids, pH, or total
nitrogen in the tributaries or effluents. The highest biogas yield (574 mL g-1) of added volatile solids (VS)
was obtained in the digesters supplied with manure from animals fed a qualitatively restricted diet.
It can be concluded that a qualitatively restricted diet results in higher manure production but with
lower nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and higher biogas yields.
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