3D implant of copolyamide associated with thermoplastic elastomer (PCTPE) for tracheal repair in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): preliminary study
Abstract
Large segmental tracheal defects can pose a serious clinical challenge owing to the
lack of suitable substitutes for reconstructive surgery. Polymeric biomaterials are widely used
in medicine. However, the implantation of biomaterials triggers a series of biological events,
and material biocompatibility is of paramount importance in regenerative medicine. The
objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a copolyamide associated with thermoplastic
elastomer (PCTPE) in 3D-printed prostheses for repairing partial tracheal defects in rabbits.
Sixteen male New Zealand White rabbits were used, and partial tracheal defects were created
in the ventral region from the 4th to the 8th tracheal ring. The animals were subdivided into
groups (n=4) based on the time of euthanasia, scheduled at seven days (G7), 15 days (G15), 30
days (G30), and 60 days (G60). Histopathological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin staining
revealed that the 3D implant of PCTPE exhibited a foreign body reaction, and inflammation
persisted for up to 60 days. Histochemistry with picrosirius red revealed a tendency for a
greater amount of type I collagen to accumulate in the early stages of inflammation, whereas
type III collagen was predominant in later evaluation periods. These findings suggest an
exacerbated and inadequate tissue-material interface reaction and perpetuation of the
inflammatory process.
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