Characterization of dystocia in a herd of Holstein dairy cows in Brazil

Jean Carlos Lourenço; Paulo Cesar Ossani; Márcia Saladini Viera Salles; Ferenc Istvan Bánkuti; Rodrigo de Almeida; Diogo Francisco Rossoni; Jesús Alberto Cardozo de Osorio; Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos

doi:10.1590/1809-6891v23e-72508E

Authors

Jean Carlos Lourenço Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-1218
Paulo Cesar Ossani Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6617-8085
Márcia Saladini Viera Salles Instituto de Zootecnia, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-0647
Ferenc Istvan Bánkuti Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3303-8147
Rodrigo de Almeida Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9112-605X
Diogo Francisco Rossoni Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-6628
Jesús Alberto Cardozo de Osorio Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-0946
Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringa, Paraná, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5790

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v23e-72508E

Abstract

The objective of this study was to characterize calvings with low and high difficulty based on the productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows. Calvings were grouped in no calving assistance, calving with low assistance, and calving with high assistance. The original data set comprised 1,902 calving records obtained from a large dairy farm in Southeast Brazil. Factor analysis was applied using the SAS® Studio 3.8 statistical program through the factor procedure, considering the Multivariate Analysis category. Milk fat (0.92–0.79) and total solids (0.91–0.80) were strongly correlated with Factor 1. Calving interval (0.87–0.68) and the number of AI (artificial inseminations) per conception (0.87–0.71) showed high correlations with Factor 2. Milk yield (0.84–0.76) and accumulated milk yield (0.84–0.77) were strongly correlated with Factor 3. Based on the results, we conclude that the three calving scenarios were characterized by well-defined and independent factors. Cows which required a high assistance at calving showed a lower variance explained by the model for milk fat and total solids contents, calving interval, and the number of AIs per conception.
Keywords: calving assistance; calving management; milk production; multivariate analysis

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