Estrutura cardíaca, colesterol sérico e adiposidade de ratos submetidos á dieta hipercalórica: eficácia da Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck e da natação

Beatriz Almeida Rodrigues; Gabrielle Queiroz Vacari; Fabiana Cirino dos Santos; Felipe Perissini; Matheus Nobile; Lizandra Amoroso

doi:10.1590/1809-6891v21e-61130

Authors

Beatriz Almeida Rodrigues Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-2652
Gabrielle Queiroz Vacari Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-272X
Fabiana Cirino dos Santos Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-5066
Felipe Perissini Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-8904
Matheus Nobile Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-5311
Lizandra Amoroso Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-7803

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v21e-61130

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of the herbal medicine red orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and swimming for 84 days on the animal, heart, and abdominal fat weight and the histomorphometric aspects of heart and total cholesterol of Wistar rats. The rats were divided into seven experimental groups of 12 animals each, consisting of a normocaloric diet (Dn), hypercaloric diet (Dh), normocaloric diet and herbal medicine (DnH), hypercaloric diet and herbal medicine (DhH), normocaloric diet and swimming (DnS), hypercaloric diet and swimming (DhS), and hypercaloric diet, swimming, and herbal medicine (DhSH). The data were analyzed statistically by the Tukey test and considered significant when p<0.05. Groups treated with the normocaloric diet had lower abdominal fat weight. The normocaloric diet and herbal medicine (DnH) provided the smallest thickness of the right ventricle. The hypercaloric diet (Dh) reduced the number of cardiomyocytes and the perimeter of cardiac muscle fibers. Swimming and the red orange extract acted synergistically by reducing the deleterious effects of the hypercaloric diet and increasing the thickness of the cardiac chambers and the number of cardiomyocytes. Only the supplementation with the red orange extract did not reduce abdominal fat in rats treated with a hypercaloric diet. Therefore, red orange alone did not promote beneficial changes in the studied data, but its association with swimming increased the number of cardiomyocytes and thickness of muscle fibers, which could contribute to preventing cardiovascular diseases and maintaining health, as well as the regular swimming and a normocaloric diet, which provided less adiposity.
Keywords: cafeteria diet; aerobic exercise; herbal medicine.

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