Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro de extratos de frutas nativas brasileiras e óleos essenciais contra isolados multirresistentes de Pseudomonas aeruginosa de origem animal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v26e-82765EResumo
Pseudomonas aeruginosa é um patógeno com resistência múltipla aos antimicrobianos e de grande relevância em saúde humana e animal. Seu perfil de multirresistência, observado inclusive em isolados de origem animal, evidencia a necessidade de estratégias alternativas aos antimicrobianos em uma abordagem de Saúde Única. Este estudo avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro de quatro extratos de frutas nativas do Brasil (guabiroba, uvaia, araçá e butiá) e de quatro óleos essenciais comerciais (canela, cravo, gengibre e tomilho) contra isolados de P. aeruginosa obtidos de animais domésticos. A suscetibilidade antimicrobiana foi determinada através do teste de disco-difusão de Kirby-Bauer e da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) em microplacas de 96 poços. Os extratos de frutas de guabiroba e uvaia demonstraram ação antimicrobiana para 57,4% dos isolados, enquanto araçá e butiá não apresentaram ação antimicrobiana. O óleo de canela foi o único composto a inibir todos os isolados nos dois testes, com valores de CIM entre 4,88 a 9,70 µg/mL. Os óleos de cravo e tomilho apresentaram ação antimicrobiana limitada, enquanto o gengibre foi o menos efetivo. Essas descobertas destacam o potencial do óleo de canela como um promissor candidato antimicrobiano e sugerem que resíduos de frutas nativas podem representar recursos valiosos e sustentáveis. Estudos futuros devem se concentrar na elucidação dos mecanismos de ação, efeitos sinérgicos e eficácia in vivo para subsidiar o desenvolvimento de alternativas fitoterápicas contra cepas resistentes de P. aeruginosa.
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