POR UMA CLASSIFICAÇÃO PARA OS PAGAMENTOS POR SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS

FOR A CLASSIFICATION TO PAYMENT POR ECOSYSTEMS SERVICIES

Abstract

Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are a kind of economic instrument for protecting the environment that aims to bring economic benefits for those who are willing to preserve the environment. These instruments have been thought of as an alternative to face current environmental problems, aiming to prevent the occurrence of environmental damage, to bring social benefits and to promote the economy, responding to the parameters defended by the idea of sustainability. Nevertheless, the literature has presented several possible ways for PES, which do not always meet the three dimensions of sustainability in an equitable way, since, in some way, they neglect the social or environmental element, focusing on economic gains. In this way, the objective of this work is to analyze a classification for PSA that makes it possible to identify the potential and negative aspects of this instrument, from the perspective of sustainability. To this purpose, topics such as the theoretical analysis of the idea of sustainability, the notion of environmental services, PES instruments and, finally, the study of classification will be addressed. The method used is the deductive one, starting from the analysis of the more general categories involved until the study of a classification for the specific instrument, under the light of the idea of sustainability, with bibliographic and documentary analysis.