Factores que influyen en la interacción madre-hijo-entorno en el proceso de lactancia materna: un estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v26.76806Resumen
Objetivo: analizar los factores que influyen en la interacción madre-hijo-entorno en el proceso de lactancia materna. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en la Red de Atención Primaria de Salud de un municipio del interior de Maranhão, Brasil, con madres de niños de hasta un año que estaban amamantando. Los datos fueron recolectados en la Unidad Básica de Salud o en el domicilio, entre abril y julio de 2021, utilizando la Escala Interactiva de Lactancia Materna (EINA, por sus siglas en portugués). Se utilizaron pruebas t de Student y ANOVA unidireccional, con un valor p < 0,05. Resultados: la puntuación media total de la escala fue de 210,75 (desviación estándar - DE ± 16,95), lo que indica una interacción adecuada entre madre-hijo-entorno en el proceso de lactancia. Tener un mayor nivel de educación (educación superior completa), estar casada y querer amamantar se asociaron con la interacción madre-hijo-ambiente en el proceso de lactancia. Conclusiones: mayores niveles de educación, estar casada y querer amamantar se asocian a una mayor interacción madre-hijo-entorno en el proceso de lactancia. Cuanto mayor es el deseo de amamantar, mayor es la interacción madre-hijo-entorno en el proceso de lactancia. Estos hallazgos permiten planificar estrategias para mejorar la identificación de las parejas con mayor riesgo de destete precoz y desarrollar acciones específicas para el cuidado de los predictores que interfieren en el proceso de lactancia.
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