JUSTIÇA PROCESSUAL E RESPOSTAS DE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS À IMPLANTAÇÃO DE PARQUES EÓLICOS NO LITORAL OESTE DO CEARÁ, BRASIL

Abstract

According to the North American and European bibliography, the lack of elements of procedural justice is the cause of negative opinions about wind energy. This paper discusses the responses of three communities in Ceará (Amarelas, Patos and Maceió), based on the application of questionnaires (n= 310) that assessed participation in public hearings, trust, access to information and decision-making power. The results showed little participation in the implementation of wind farms. Only Patos had good confidence in the information (82.3%) and had decision-making power, however, there was low satisfaction for accessing this information. Participation in public hearings was contested in Amarelas (89.8%) and fraud in hearings was pointed out in Maceió. In contrast, Amarelas had a high acceptance of the wind farm (76.9%), and only Maceió had strong opposition (82.4%). Amarelas' results confirmed the lack of interaction among communities, company, andState, however, support without justice can be associated with the lack of a participatory culture encouraged by public and private agents. In Patos, involvement garnered greater support. In Maceió, the context of land struggle and external links stimulated opposition and highlighted internal organization. Heterogeneity among the indicators of participatory justice reflects new nuances for the opposition to wind power in Brazil.

Keywords: Wind energy, Justice, Participation, Traditional community, Ceará.