Social-Environmental risk to human leptospirosis in Urban Agglomeration Metropolitan of Curitiba, Paraná-Brazil: a methodological proposal supported by GIS

Abstract

The knowledge of the areas of risk to socio-environmental human leptospirosis can assist in the process of decision-making by managers. The quantification and mapping of this risk by means of a synthetic index enables an integrated analysis of the issue. Thus, this research aims to propose and evaluate a methodology for mapping of the risk to environmental human leptospirosis, by means of a synthetic index that considers the vulnerabilities and exposure to disease. The proposal has been applied in the Urban Agglomeration Metropolitan of Curitiba, aiming to present an analysis at the level of disaggregation intra and intrametropolitan, considering a scenario from 2007 to 2013. We used statistical techniques associated with the mapping of synthesis (multicriteria analysis, maps algebra, calculation of incidence and matrix crossroad), which culminated in the following results: 1) the methodology has proven effective for synthesizing a large number of data, which allowed to reduce complex phenomena of inter-relationships in simple messages and, 2) the greatest risk indexes socio-environmental are located both in peripheral regions, especially in the areas of conurbation, but also in regions near the center, representing pockets of poverty, especially in the city of Curitiba.
Keywords: Human leptospirosis; vulnerabilities; exposure; Geographic Information Systems; Metropolis of Curitiba.