Dois discursos sobre a Natureza

Dos contrassensos naturalistas à “geologia fenomenológica” de Husserl

Abstract

The present paper deals with two speeches on Nature. In the first one, it addresses the doctrine of Naturalism, according to which thinking about Nature consists of thinking about it as a unitary and indivisible whole of which organic and inorganic matter are part. In relation of continuity with other species, man would be a biological organism, whose psychic functions would be merely functions of the central nervous system. The paper shows that such a doctrine runs into problems of fundaments. The second discourse refers to a “phenomenological geology”, in which Husserl thinks of the Earth not merely as a planet revolving around the Sun, but as an “Earth-soil” in which bodies are distributed in an open system of possibilities. If the naturalist discourse “closes” around the naturalization of consciousness, husserlian geology tells us about the “opening” of this original soil to all beings, among which the man who as “man” constitutes for himself in this soil your goals and aspirations.