In vitro mycelial sensitivity of Macrophomina phaseolina to fungicides

Abstract

Black root rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tass.) Goid., is the most common root disease in soybean fields. This study aimed to determine the in vitro mycelial sensitivity, measured by the IC₅₀ (concentration to inhibit 50% of the fungus mycelial growth) of a M. phaseolina isolate obtained from soybean, to different fungicides (thiram, iprodione, carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, fluquinconazol, tolyfluanid, metalaxyl and penflufen + trifloxystrobin), at six concentrations (0.01 mg L^-1, 0.10 mg L^-1, 1.00 mg L^-1, 10.00 mg L^-1, 20.00 mg L^-1 and 40.00 mg L^-1 of the active ingredient). The 0.00 mg L^-1 concentration represented the control, without fungicide addition. The mycelial growth evaluation was performed with the aid of a digital pachymeter, by measuring the colonies diameter, when the fungus growth in the control treatment reached the Petri dish edge. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications. Concerning the fungitoxicity of active ingredients, a variation from non-toxic to highly fungitoxic was observed to the M. phaseolina isolate, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.23 mg L^-1 to > 40.00 mg L^-1, being carbendazim the most efficient one (IC₅₀ = 0.23 mg L^-1). The fungus showed insensitivity to the active ingredients of fluquinconazole, metalaxyl, thiram and tolyfluanid.