STUDY OF MEAT CHANNELS AND COMMERCIALIZATION EDGES IN GOIÂNIA - GOIÁS, 1972

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the commercialization system of meat for the Goiânia (the capital city of the state of Goiás) market during the year 1972, using fluxograms for market channels and estimates for the marketing margins. Goiânia is the most important center for meat consumption in the state of Goiás. In order to supply its 474,000 inhabitants, the following amounts of meat: 8,394 T. of beef; 2,167 T. of pork and 1,474 T. of chicken, were commercialized in 1972. The present research work was developed during 1973, in the cities of Goiânia, Inhumas and Trindade, all located in the state of Goiás, Brazil. The “survey method”, with personal interviews involving government and private organization connected with meat commercialization, was used. The following data were collected: a) the amounts of beef, pork, and chicken consumed in Goiânia during 1972; b) the prices of these different types of meat at the producer, wholesaler, and retailer levels; c) the percentage of each one of these types supplied to commercial outlets by the wholesalers; d) the losses during transportation; e) the carcass yield for cattle, pork, and chicken by-products; f) the equipment used for live-stock transportation and distribution of the products. The commercialization of the three types of meat is transacted directly from the wholesalers to the retailers. In some situations, the products are sold straight to the consumer, without the services of the retailer. The results of this research show that: a) about 38% of the live weight, or 76% of the carcass weight, must arrive at the consumer as beef, and 6% of the live weight, or 12% of the by-product weight, as edible by-products; b) about 80% of the live weight of swine must arrive at the consumer as carcass and other edible by-products; c) about 80% of the live weight of chickens must arrive at the consumer as carcass and other edible by-products; d) selling directly to the retailers, the industrial organizations which deal with beef, pork and chicken, also work as wholesalers; e) the industries working with beef and chicken present “vertical integration”; f) the commercialization margin, for beef is 39%, 29% of which is the retailer’s, 10% the wholesaler’s, and 6l% the farmer's, considering that the consumer pays 100%; g) the commercialization margin for chicken is 42%; 7% of which is the retailer’s, 35% the wholesaler’s, and 58% the farmer's, considering that 100% is the price paid by the consumer.