Experiencias de padres primerizos: una revisión sistemática de estudios cualitativos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v27.77458Palabras clave:
Periodo Posparto, Padre, Paternidad, Revisión, Investigación CualitativaResumen
Objetivo: resumir las experiencias del período posnatal de padres primerizos con base en evidencia científica cualitativa. Métodos: revisión sistemática de estudios cualitativos realizada en las bases de datos CINAHL, SCOPUS, LILACS y portal PubMed según las directrices del JBI y complementada con búsquedas manuales en las referencias del material seleccionado. Los resultados se agruparon mediante JBI SUMARI, con un enfoque de metaagregación. La fiabilidad de los resultados de la síntesis de la investigación cualitativa se basó en el enfoque ConQual. Resultados: Se encontraron 1046 estudios, de los cuales 12 fueron incluídos, com una muestra de 164 padres. Los hallazgos se agruparon en dos categorías: “Impactos de la paternidad” y “Esfuerzo por una paternidad comprometida y solidaria”, que revelan nuevos roles e impactos en la salud al convertirse en padre. La paternidad conlleva el aprendizaje de nuevos roles y satisfacción, pero también tiene impactos negativos en la salud mental y sexual. Conclusión: los padres primerizos necesitan el apoyo de los profesionales de la salud durante el período posparto, lo que incluye la aceptación de sus necesidades emocionales e informativas, además de prepararlos para cuidar al niño.
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