Older adults’ behavior for health promotion: analysis according to Nola Pender’s theory

Abstract

Objective: To analyze older adults’ behavior in relation to health promotion according to Nola Pender’s theory. Methods: This is participatory research with a qualitative approach, carried out at a Higher Education Institution in Brasília (Federal District), Brazil. Data were collected over four on-site meetings, through the reflection group strategy, based on specific guiding questions for each meeting. For data analysis, Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Theory was used, which presupposes assessing individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affect and behavioral outcome. Results: The study included 13 older adults, who revealed that self-esteem, work and participation in various family, cultural and religious activities help them carry out actions that promote their health. They wish to modify some behaviors and maintain others, depending on the perceived benefit. Interpersonal influences and situations such as income, illness, religion, education and access to goods and services are highlighted as factors that influence changes in health behavior. Conclusion: Older adults’ behavior revealed efforts to maintain and expand their health and degrees of autonomy.