Health belief model and HIV vulnerability: perceptions of adolescents in Fortaleza-CE

Abstract

doi: 10.5216/ree.v12i4.6492

The advent of AIDS for over 25 years in epidemiological setting in the world brings the discussion about sexual behavior, beliefs and values. Among the models and theories that help in understanding the risk exposure to HIV, is in the Health Belief Model. The model emphasizes that the conduct in relation to a threat to their health, is dependent on four variables: perception of susceptibility, severity, perceived benefits and barriers. The study aims to identify the perception of vulnerability of adolescent males, of the IST/HIV. Qualitative study conducted in a public school in Fortaleza-CE. The informants were 16 adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years old. Data collection occurred in May and June of 2008, through semi-structured interview, based on the variables in the model proposed. The adolescents identified more benefits than barriers as regards the prevention of IST. For the perceived benefits are associated with the use of condoms and to improve the dialogue between sexual partners. Is important the nurse encouraging preventive measures and Health Education among the adolescents, to encourage reflection on the vulnerability to IST/HIV and its impact on quality of life.

Descriptors: Adolescent; Health Vulnerability; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Nursing.