Repercussões do estresse precoce nas manifestações de impulsividade em usuários de drogas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v24.68579Palavras-chave:
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias, Maus-Tratos Infantis, Comportamento ImpulsivoResumo
Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre estresse e impulsividade em indivíduos com transtornos mentais relacionados ao uso e abuso de substâncias. Método: Pesquisa transversal e analítica. Avaliações foram realizadas pelo Childhood Trauma Questionnaire e pela Escala de Impulsividade de Barrat. Resultados: A regressão linear demonstrou uma significativa previsibilidade do escore total de Impulsividade explicada pelo Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total, abuso emocional e abuso físico (p<0,05). Impulsividade motora foi significativamente prevista pelo Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total, abuso emocional, abuso físico e abuso sexual (p<0,05). Foram identificadas correlações positivas entre abuso emocional e físico com o escore de impulsividade. Nos modelos de regressão linear os abusos emocional e físico foram as principais variáveis influenciadoras da impulsividade. Conclusão: O abuso emocional e físico em usuários de drogas influencia as manifestações de impulsividade, por isso é pertinente criar estratégias que visem diminuir os impactos da impulsividade e dos fatores subjacentes.
Downloads
Referências
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. III Levantamento Nacional sobre o uso de drogas pela população brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz; 2017.
Torres-Berrio A, Cuesta S, Lopez-Guzman S, NavaMesa MO. Interaction between stress and addiction: contributions from Latin-American neuroscience. Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 21;9(DEC):2639. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02639.
Al’Absi M, Ginty AT, Lovallo WR. Neurobiological mechanisms of early life adversity, blunted stress reactivity and risk for addiction. Neuropharmacology. 2021;188:108519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108519.
Aristizabal MJ, Anreiter I, Halldorsdottir T, Odgers CL, McDade TW, Goldenberg A, et al. Biological embedding of experience: a primer on epigenetics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Internet]. 2020 [acesso em: 29 ago. 2021];117(38):23261-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820838116.
Hamilton PJ, Nestler EJ. Epigenetics and addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2019;59:128-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2019.05.005.
Hughes K, Bellis MA, Hardcastle KA, Sethi D, Butchart A, Mikton C, et al. The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Heal. 2017 Aug;2(8):e356-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4.
Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, Walker E, Pogge D, Ahluvalia T, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abus Negl [Internet]. 2003 Feb 1 [acesso em: 22 jun. 2020];27(2):169-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0145-2134(02)00541-0.
Enoch MA. The role of early life stress as a predictor for alcohol and drug dependence. Psychopharmacology. 2011. 214(1):17-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-1916-6.
Barratt ES. Impulsivity: integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data. In: McCown WG, Johnson J. The impulsive client: theory, research, and treatment. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 1993. p. 39-56.
McMullin SD, Shields GS, Slavich GM, Buchanan TW. Cumulative lifetime stress exposure predicts greater impulsivity and addictive behaviors. J Health Psychol. 2021;26(14):2921-36. https://doi.org/101177/1359105320937055.
Narvaez JCM, Magalhães PVS, Trindade EK, Vieira DC, Kauer-Sant’Anna M, Gama CS, et al. Childhood trauma, impulsivity, and executive functioning in crack cocaine users. Compr Psychiatry. 2012 Apr;53(3):238-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.04.058.
Verdejo-Garcia A, Chong TTJ, Stout JC, Yücel M, London ED. Stages of dysfunctional decision-making in addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2018;164:99-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2017.02.003.
Amorim P. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): validação de entrevista breve para diagnóstico de transtornos mentais. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2000 Sep;3(22):106-15. ID: psi-15921.
Grassi-Oliveira R, Stein LM, Pezzi JC. Tradução e validação de conteúdo da versão em português do Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Rev Saude Publica [Internet]. 2006 Apr [acesso em: 21 jun. 2020];40(2):249-55. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102006000200010.
Malloy-Diniz LF, Mattos P, Leite WB, Abreu N, Coutinho G, Jardim de Paula J, et al. Tradução e adaptação cultural da Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) para aplicação em adultos brasileiros Translation and cultural adaptation of Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) for administration in Brazilian adults palavraschave. J Bras Psiquiatr. 2010;59(2):99-105. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852010000200004.
Jakubczyk A, Klimkiewicz A, Mika K, Bugaj M, Konopa A, Podgórska A, et al. Psychosocial predictors of impulsivity in alcohol-dependent patients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2013 Jan;201(1):43-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e31827aaf9d.
Alford M, O’Rourke S, Doyle P, Todd L. Examining the factors associated with impulsivity in forensic populations: a systematic review. Aggress Violent Behav. 2020 Mar;54:101409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2020.101409.
Etain B, Lajnef M, Henry C, Aubin V, Azorin JM, Bellivier F, et al. Childhood trauma, dimensions of psychopathology and the clinical expression of bipolar disorders: a pathway analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2017 Dec;95:37-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.013.
Shin SH, McDonald SE, Conley D. Profiles of adverse childhood experiences and impulsivity. Child Abus Negl. 2018 Nov;85:118-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.028.
Liu RT. Childhood Maltreatment and Impulsivity: a meta-analysis and recommendations for future study. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019 Feb;47(2):221–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-0445-3.
Shin SH, Cook AK, Morris NA, McDougle R, Groves LP. The different faces of impulsivity as links between childhood maltreatment and young adult crime. Prev Med. 2016 Jul;88:210-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.022.
Coates JM, Gullo MJ, Feeney GFX, McD Young R, Dingle GA, Clark PJ, et al. Craving mediates the effect of impulsivity on lapse-risk during alcohol use disorder treatment. Addict Behav. 2020 Jun;105:106286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106286.
Sinha R. Stress and addiction: a dynamic interplay of genes, environment, and drug intake. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66(2):100-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.05.003.
Krause-Utz A, Erol E, Brousianou AV, Cackowski S, Paret C, Ende G, et al. Self-reported impulsivity in women with borderline personality disorder: the role of childhood maltreatment severity and emotion regulation difficulties. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul [Internet]. 2019 Mar 5 [acesso em: 11 set. 2021];6(1):1-14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-019-0101-8.
National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. Excessive stress disrupts the architecture of the developing brain: working paper 3. Cambridge: Center on the Developing Child; 2014. p. 1-12.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
