The imaginary about the oriental woman: from orientalist art to contemporary tourist advertisements

Authors

  • Camila Dazzi Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica (CEFET), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, camiladazzi@gmail.com

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5216/v.v20.70905

Keywords:

Orientalist art, Eroticization, Tourist imaginary

Abstract

Nineteenth-century Orientalist art, produced in the period of domination and violent exploitation perpetrated by Imperialism, revealed to the West the Orient as an exotic and erotic place. Based on the hypothesis that this construction of the Orient as a space linked to the world of senses and pleasures was appropriated by the tourist imaginary, the work presents an analysis that shows that the construction of an eroticized image of the oriental woman remains present in tourist advertisements about the East, having suffered, however, adjustments and resignifications due to the changes that have taken place in contemporary society.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Camila Dazzi, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica (CEFET), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, camiladazzi@gmail.com

Pós-doutorado (CAPES) junto à Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II/Itália (2013). Doutora em Teoria da Arte - História e Crítica pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação da Escola de Belas Artes da UFRJ (2011). Mestre em História da Arte pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da UNICAMP (2006) e graduada em Artes Plásticas pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (2003). É professora do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica (RJ), lecionando no Mestrado em Relações Étnico-raciais, na Linha de História da Arte, e na Graduação, no campus Nova Friburgo. É editora responsável pela revista 19&20 (QUALIS B2-Artes) e organizadora dos livros: Oitocentos - Arte Brasileira do Império à República. Tomo I; Oitocentos. Tomo II e Oitocentos - Intercâmbios Culturais entre Brasil e Portugal. Tomo III (2013). É autora de artigos publicados em periódicos de conhecida importância no campo da Arte, além de ensaios e estudos em obras coletivas. Temas de Pesquisa principais: Arte Brasileira do século XIX e Início do XX, Ensino Artístico Oitocentista, Crítica e Teoria da Arte do século XIX, Relações entre Brasil e Itália na Arte Oitocentista.

References

ALI, Isra. The harem fantasy in nineteenth-century Orientalist paintings. Dialectical Anthropology. [S. l.], v. 39, n. 1, p. 33-46, March 2015. Disponível em: https://www.jstor.org/stable/43895901. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

BOUDJEDRA, Rachid. Peindre l’Orient. Paris: Zulma, Paris, 1996.

BROOKS, Francis. Barbarian Cruelty: An Eye-Witness Account of White Slavery Under the Moors. Wales: Sandycroft Publications, 2019.

BUISINE, Alain. L’Orient voile. Paris: Zulma, 1993.

CHASSÉRIAU, Théodore. Juives d’Alger au balcon, 1849. Ost, 35 X 25 cm. Musée du Louvre, Paris. COLLECTIONS Louvre. Juives d’Alger au balcon. Disponível em: https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010059948. Acesso em: 11 ago. 2022.

CROCE, Cécile. OSTERMANN, Gérard. Imagination, imaginaire, imaginal. PSYCHOmédia, Tours, [s. v.], n. 47, [n. p.], Mai/Juin 2014. Disponível em: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01805964. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

CHAMBERS, Donna; RAKIĆ, Tijana. Critical considerations on gender and tourism: an introduction. Tourism, Culture & Communication, [S. l.], v. 18, n. 1, p. 1-8, 2018. Disponível em: https://cris.brighton.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/492539/An+ Introduction.pdf. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

DEBAT-PONSAN, Édouard. Le Massage. Scène de hammam, 1883. Ost, 127x212 cm. Musée des Augustins, Touluse. COMMONS Wikipedia, n. d. Disponível em: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Le_massage_au_Hamam_par_Edouard_Debat--Ponsan_1883_(3).jpg. Acesso em: 11 ago. 2022.

DELACROIX, Eugène. Femmes d’Alger dans leur appartement,1834. Ost, 1,8 x 2,29m. Musée du Louvre, Paris. COLLECTIONS Louvre. Juives d’Alger au balcon. Disponível em: https://collections.louvre.fr/ark:/53355/cl010065869. Acesso em: 11 de ago de 2022.

DEPELCHIN, Davy et al. L’Orientalisme en Europe: de Delacroix à Matisse. Paris: Reunion des Musees Nationaux, 2011.

DOYLEY, Charles. A Dancing Woman, of Lucknow, Exhibiting Before an European Family. prancha XV do livro The European in India (1813). GOOGLE Bookes, n. d. Disponível em: https://books.google.com.br/books/about/The_European_in_India.htmlid=VNFbAAAAQAAJ&redir_esc=y. Acesso em: 11 ago. 2022.

DUNHAM, Jamie. Marketing Travel to Women: Eight New Trends You Need to Know. Business 2 Community, [S. l.], [s. n.], [n. p.], July 16, 2013. Disponível em: https://www. business2community. com/marketing/marketing-travel-to-women-eight-new-trends-you-need-to-know-0554906. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

FLAUBERT, Gustave. Lettre à Louise Colet. Œuvres complètes de Gustave Flaubert. Correspondance (1850-1859). Paris: Club de l’honnête homme, 1976. Disponível em: http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k26956x/f329.image. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

FONT-RÉAULX, Dominique de. Eugène Delacroix: Objets dans la peinture, souvenir du Maroc. Paris: Le passage, 2014.

GALOIN, Alain. La femme orientale dans la peinture du XIXe siècle. Histoire par l’image, [S. l.], [s. n.], [n. p.], jan. 2007. Disponível em: https://histoire-image.org/de/etudes/femme-orientale-peinture-xixe-siecle. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

GAUTHIER, Théophile. Constantinople. Paris: Fasquelle, 1899.

GRAVARI-BARBAS, Maria; GRABURN, Nelson. Imaginaires touristiques. Via – Tourism Review, Paris, 1, [s. n.], p. 1-34, 2012. Disponível em: http://journals.openedition. org/viatourism/1178. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

HERATH, Thisaranie. Women and Orientalism: 19th century Representations of the Harem by European female travellers and Ottoman women. Constellations, Alberta, v. 7, n. 1, p. 31-40, 2015. Disponível em: https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/constellations/index.php/ constellations/article/view/2705. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

HONOUR, Hugh. L’image du noir dans l’art occidental. De la Révolution américaine à la Première Guerre mondiale, Paris: Gallimard, tome 2, 1989.

HOWARD, Grace E. S. Courtesans in Colonial India Representations of British Power through Understandings of Nautch-Girls, Devadasis, Tawa’ifs, and Sex-Work, c.1750-1883. 2019. Thesis (Master of Arts in History) – Department of History, University of Guelph, 2019. Disponível em: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/16082. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

ISNART, Cyril; MUS-JELIDI, Charlotte, ZYTNICKI, Colette (dir.) Fabrique du tourisme et expériences patrimoniales au Maghreb, XIXe-XXIe siècles. Rabat: Centre Jacques-Berque, 2018.

LEWIS, Reina. Rethinking orientalism - women, travel and the ottoman harem. London: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, 2004. p.143.

MEMMI, Albert. The Colonizer and the Colonized. Boston: Beacon Press. 1957.

MITCHELL, Timothy. Orientalism and the Exhibitionary Order. MIRZOEFF, Nicholas (éd.). The Visual Culture Reader. Londres: Routledge, 1989.

MOUSSA, Sarga. Edward Saïd à l’épreuve des voyageurs français en Orient au XIX e siècle. Kultur Poetik, Gottingen, v. 6, n. 1, p. 96-102, 2006. Disponível em: https://www.jstor. org/stable/40621759. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

NAEF, Patrick. Voyage à travers un baril de poudre: Guerre et imaginaire touristique à Sarajevo. Via – Tourism Review, Paris 1, [s. n.], [n. p.], 2012. Disponível em: http://journals. openedition.org/viatourism/1257. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

NOCHLIN, Linda. The Imaginary Orient. Art in America. Aesthetic Apperceptions. [S.l.], [s. n.], p. 118-191, may 1983. Disponível em: https://aestheticapperceptions.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/nochlin_imaginary_orient. pdf. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

NOCHLIN, Linda. The Imaginary Orient. In: PINDER, Kymberly N (Ed). Raceing Art History: Critical Readings in Race and Art History. London: Routledge, 2013. p. 69-85.

NOCHLIN, Linda. Women, Art, and Power: and Other Essays. Great Britain: Thames & Hudson,1989.

PEARCE, Philip. The Ulysses Factor: Evaluating Visitors in Tourist Settings. New York: Spring- Verlag, 1988.

PELTRE, Christine. Orientalisme. Paris: Terrail, 2004.

PIWIŃSKA, Marta. Wschodnie maskarady. Teksty teoria literatury krytyka interpretacja, [S. l.], v. 3, n. 21, p. 29-53, 1975. Disponível em: https://bazhum.muzhp.pl/autor/Piwi%25C5%2584ska/Marta/. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

POUILLON, François. Dictionnaire des orientalistes de langue française. Paris: Karthala, 2012.

RODRIGUEZ, Cecilia. Girls Guide to Paris Shows That In Travel, Women Are On Top. Forbs, [S. l.], [s. n.], [n. p.], Apr. 21, 2014. Disponível em: https://www.forbes.com/sites/ceciliarodriguez/ 2014/04 /21/paris-one-girls-guide-to-leveraging-womens-travel-spend/?sh=5ccdc2623d96. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

RUFFIÉ, Paul. Debat-Ponsan (Toulouse 1847- Paris 1913). Toulouse: Editions Privat, 2005.

SAÏD, Eduard. Culture & Imperialism. New York: Vintage, 1994.

SAÏD, Edward. Orientalism: Western Representations of the Orient. New York: Published by Pantheon Books, 1978.

SANOUSSI, Anas. La atracción de Tánger a través de las guías turísticas impresas: formas latentes y transgresivas. Via – Tourism Review, Paris, v. 11-12, [s. n.], p. 1-45, 2017. Disponível em: http://journals.openedition.org/viatourism/1704. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

SEBOVA, Martina. Enjoying tea and shisha. 10 things I loved about travelling in Iran. In: The Journal By Intrepid Travel, April 10, 2019a. Disponível em: intrepidtravel.com/adventures. Acesso em: 01 jan. 2022.

SEBOVA, Martina. 10 things I loved about travelling in Iran. In: The Journal By Intrepid Travel, [S. l.], [n. p.], April 10, 2019b. Disponível em: https://www.intrepidtravel.com/adventures/ why-youll-love-iran-travel/. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

[Sem título], Marrakech e Agadir. Tarek Tours, [n. d]. Disponível em: facebook.com/watch/Tarektours. Acesso em: 1 jan. 2022.

STASZAK, Jean-François. Exotisation et érotisation d’un haut-lieu et bas-fond touristique: la Casbah d’Alger. Téoros, [S. l.], v. 37, n. 2, p. 1-71, 2018. Disponível em: http://journals.openedition.org/teoros/3360. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

STASZAK, Jean-François. Qu’est-ce que l’exotisme?. Le Globe, Revue genevoise de géographie, [S. l.], [s. v.], n. 148, p. 7-30, 2008. Disponível em: https://www.unige.ch/sciencessociete/geo/files/4314/4464/7645/Globe2008_Article1_.pdf. Acesso

em: 10 ago. 2021.

TANOUX, Adrien Henri. L’Algérie pittoresque. Alger-Casbah. München: Vollenweider, 1930.

TANOUX, Adrien Henri. Beautés du harem, 1892. Ost, 106.6 x 80.6 cm. Coleção Particuar. SOTHEBYS, n.d. Disponível em: sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2009/19th-century-european-art-including-importantbritish-paintings-n08580/lot.130.html. Acesso em: 11 ago. 2022.

THORNTON, Lynn. Introduction. In: The Fine Art Society (Author). Eastern Encounters: Orientalist Painters of the Nineteenth Century. London: The Fine Art Society, Eastern Encounters, 1978, p. 25-42.

VERNET, Horace. Marché aux esclaves, 1836. Ost, 65 x 54 cm. Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin. ALTE Pinakothek, s. d. Disponível em: https://recherche.smb.museum/detail/963416/sklavenmarktlanguage=de&question=%22Horace+Vernet%22&limit=15&controls=none&collectionKey=NG*&collectionKey=NGAlteNationalgalerie&objIdx=0. Acesso em: 11 ago. 2022.

VINSON, David. L’Orient rêvé et l’Orient réel au XIXe siècle. Revue d’histoire littéraire de la France, [S. l.],104e Année, v. 104, n. 1, p. 71-91, janvier 2004. Disponível em: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40535048. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

VOLLENWEIDER. Tipo de Mourisca”, ilustração do livreto: Douze cartes postales, L’Algérie pittoresque. Alger-Casbah, 1930. In: STASZAK, Jean-François/ Exotisation et érotisation d’unhaut-lieu et bas-fond touristique: la Casbah d’Alger. Téoros [Online], v. 37, n. 2, 2018. Disponível em: http://journals.openedition.org/teoros/3360. Acesso em: 11 ago. 2022.

WILLIAMSON, Thomas. The European In India - From a Collection of Drawings by Charles Doyley. London: Edward Orme, 1813. Disponível em: https://play.google.com/books/readerid=VNFbAAAAQAAJ&pg=GBS.PP6. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

WOODSIDE Arch G; LYSONSKI Steven. A General Model Of Traveler Destination Choice. Journal of Travel Research, v. 27, n. 4, p. 8-14, 1989. Disponível em: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/004728758902700402. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2021.

ZYTNICKI, Colette; KAZDAGHLI, Habib (dir). Le tourisme dans l’empire français. Politiques, pratiques et imaginaires. Paris: Société Française d’Histoire des Outre-mers, 2009.

Downloads

Published

2022-12-06

How to Cite

DAZZI, C. The imaginary about the oriental woman: from orientalist art to contemporary tourist advertisements. Visualidades, Goiânia, v. 20, 2022. DOI: 10.5216/v.v20.70905. Disponível em: https://revistas.ufg.br/VISUAL/article/view/70905. Acesso em: 21 dec. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 20 (2022): The Aesthetics of Travels Dossier

Section

The Aesthetics of Travels dossier

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Visualidades

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Licença Creative Commons
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License .
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:

a. Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License which allows the sharing of work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.

b. Authors are authorized to take additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.

c. Authors are allowed to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) after the initial publication in this journal, as this can generate productive changes, as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work ( See The Effect of Free Access).
Every effort has been made to identify and credit the rights holders of the published images. If you have rights to any of these images and have not been correctly identified, please contact the Visuals magazine and we will publish the correction in one of the next issues.