A identificação e documentação das escolas padrão Art Déco no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

School activities in Brazil, in principle, were carried out in private homes or religious institutions and, therefore, presented little infrastructure. Over the years and the appreciation of education by the State, especially between the end of the 19th century and the 1920s, specific buildings for this function began to be constructed. From 1920 onwards, the federal government restructured the school system, seeking to expand access to education. With new guidelines, improvements were proposed in the programs and in the school environment, as well as the rationalism of the constructions allowed agility and economy in the constructions, making new concepts for schools proposed. The government of Rio Grande do Sul created a school standard project, to be disseminated in different locations, with adaptations according to the number of users. In order to show the Art Déco school institutions of standard design in the State, the political-social scenario in which these constructions were conceived will be contextualized, together with the compilation of data found through surveys and searches in historical archives, analyzing in more depth the material of two state schools belonging to this program - Escola Cruzeiro do Sul, in São Lourenço do Sul/RS; State Institute of Education Assis Brasil, in Pelotas / RS.