Reticencia a las vacunas: análisis de publicaciones en un grupo antivacunas en Facebook®
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v27.77267Palabras clave:
Negativa a la Vacunación, Cuidado del Niño, Inmunización, Enfermería PediátricaResumen
Objetivos: análisis de publicaciones en un grupo antivacunas de la red social Facebook®. Métodos: estudio descriptivo exploratorio. El corpus de análisis consistió en publicaciones realizadas entre enero y diciembre de 2020 en el grupo de Facebook® “Vacinas: O lado obscuro das Vacinas” (Vacunas: El lado oscuro de las vacunas). El análisis fue realizado por dos investigadores independientes. Las publicaciones se categorizaron según el tipo de material, de publicación, tema y tipo de comentario. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para analizar los resultados. Resultados: la muestra consistió en 545 publicaciones, de las cuales el 44,9% (n = 370) se clasificaron como “publicaciones secundarias”, es decir, reproducían información de otros sitios web. La mayoría de las publicaciones (n = 344; 63,1%) se compartieron en las páginas personales de los participantes del grupo. El tema más discutido en las publicaciones sobre vacunas, excluyendo los temas relacionados con la pandemia de COVID-19, fue “las vacunas causan enfermedades” (n = 117; 12,4%), seguido de temas relacionados con la “credibilidad/veracidad de las vacunas” (n = 99; 10,5%) y fenómenos presentados como “reacciones adversas” (n = 98; 10,4%). Conclusiones: el análisis de las publicaciones reveló una tendencia a difundir desinformación y cuestionar la eficacia y seguridad de las vacunas, propagando noticias que incitan al movimiento antivacunas.
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