Violência no trabalho de enfermagem hospitalar: revisão integrativa de literatura

Luiza Salvador Rohwedder; Fernanda Maria de Miranda; Rosângela Aparecida de Sousa; Josiane Sotrate Gonçalves; Tatiana de Oliveira Sato; Vivian Aline Mininel

Autores

Luiza Salvador Rohwedder Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: lu.salvador.lsr@gmail.com. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-8982
Fernanda Maria de Miranda Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: fmdemirandap@gmail.com. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2198-2827
Rosângela Aparecida de Sousa Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: rosangelasousamb@gmail.com. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-5581
Josiane Sotrate Gonçalves Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: josiane.sotrate@gmail.com. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5364-3040
Tatiana de Oliveira Sato Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: tatisato@gmail.com. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-8981
Vivian Aline Mininel Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: vivian.aline@ufscar.br. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9985-5575

Palavras-chave:

Violência no Trabalho, Saúde Ocupacional, Enfermagem, Riscos Ocupacionais, Hospitais

Resumo

Objetivos: sintetizar o conhecimento produzido sobre as características e fatores associados à violência no trabalho de enfermagem hospitalar, suas consequências e possíveis intervenções. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada em agosto de 2022, no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e na Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Resultados: das 1250 publicações inicialmente identificadas nas buscas, foram incluídos 35 estudos que evidenciam a violência psicológica, especialmente agressão verbal, como mais prevalente, seguida da violência física. Os principais agressores foram pacientes/acompanhantes, seguidos por colegas de trabalho e supervisores. Mulheres, jovens, com pouca experiência profissional e que trabalham em unidades de emergência e pediátrica são mais vulneráveis. Foram identificadas consequências individuais, coletivas e organizacionais, bem como intervenções de combate à violência ocupacional. Conclusão: a síntese do conhecimento produzido aponta para a premência de políticas públicas indutoras de mudanças nos contextos de trabalho, que devem promover enfrentamento e prevenção da violência contra a equipe de enfermagem, bem como incentivar a notificação desses eventos e desenvolver ações voltadas ao acolhimento da vítima, para transformação do local de trabalho em um ambiente seguro e saudável.

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