Estratégias para favorecer a compreensão do termo de consentimento pelos participantes de ensaios clínicos: revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v25.70441Palavras-chave:
Compreensão, Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, Ensaio ClínicoResumo
Objetivo: analisar as estratégias utilizadas para favorecer a compreensão de participantes de pesquisas clínicas sobre o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, bem como, as bases teóricas em que se apoiam. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no ano de 2019 e atualizada em 2021 em seis bases de dados eletrônicas, adicionada de busca reversa a partir das referências dos artigos incluídos. Resultados: dos 21 artigos selecionados, foram identificadas estratégias de mudanças no conteúdo, da forma de apresentação do termo de consentimento, bem como estratégias multimodais. As estratégias identificadas relacionam-se, em sua maioria, ao referencial tradicional de aprendizagem e resultaram em melhor compreensão por parte dos indivíduos que estavam em processo de obtenção do consentimento para participar de ensaios clínicos, em comparação com as estratégias usuais, mas, para a maioria o patamar de compreensão manteve-se abaixo de 60,0%. Conclusões: as estratégias resultaram na melhora da compreensão geral, porém, com persistência da incompreensão ou compreensão limitada de conceitos fundamentais inerentes à participação em pesquisas clínicas, reforçando que o processo de obtenção do consentimento é um fenômeno complexo e que requer atenção especial dos pesquisadores, na busca de garantir a compreensão adequada das informações, garantindo, de fato, a tomada de decisão esclarecida.
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