A suplementação com zinco, manganês e cobre modula a composição dos ovos em galinhas poedeiras após o pico de produção em ambientes tropicais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v27e-86056EResumo
O estresse térmico é um dos principais desafios ambientais que afetam a produtividade e a qualidade dos ovos de galinhas poedeiras em ambientes tropicais, principalmente durante a fase pós-pico de produção. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da suplementação alimentar com zinco-manganês-cobre (ZMC) sobre a qualidade química de ovos de galinhas poedeiras na fase pós-pico de produção, criadas em ambientes tropicais. As condições ambientais foram avaliadas utilizando o índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU) ao longo do período experimental. Os parâmetros de qualidade química dos ovos, incluindo os teores de lipídios, proteínas e colesterol, foram avaliados sob três tratamentos dietéticos: dieta basal (P0), dieta basal + 300 mg/kg de ZMC (P1) e dieta basal + 600 mg/kg de ZMC (P2). Os resultados indicaram que as galinhas foram expostas ao estresse térmico por uma média de 10,11 horas/dia, incluindo 8,64 horas/dia de estresse térmico severo. Os tratamentos dietéticos afetaram significativamente os teores de lipídios, proteínas e colesterol dos ovos (P<0,05). Os tratamentos P1 e P2 apresentaram teores lipídicos mais elevados (8,54±0,81 % e 9,22±0,20 %, respectivamente) em comparação com a dieta basal (6,93±0,26 %). O teor proteico foi significativamente maior no tratamento P2 (12,05±0,40 %) do que nos tratamentos P1 (10,45±0,71 %) e P0 (10,65±0,77 %). O teor de colesterol foi mais elevado nos ovos do tratamento P1 (974,75±45,64 mg/100g), seguido pelo tratamento P2 (829,94±30,32 mg/100g), e mais baixo no tratamento P0 (771,61±17,44 mg/100g). Em conclusão, as altas temperaturas ambientais em um ambiente tropical alteraram a composição química dos ovos produzidos por galinhas poedeiras após o pico de produção. No entanto, a suplementação alimentar com ZMC melhorou a deposição de lipídios e o teor de proteínas, além de modular os níveis de colesterol, dependendo da dose de suplementação. Esses resultados sugerem que a suplementação com ZMC pode servir como uma estratégia nutricional para mitigar os efeitos adversos do estresse térmico na qualidade dos ovos.
Palavras-chave: estresse térmico, composição dos ovos, oligoelementos, zinco-manganês-cobre, galinhas poedeiras.
Downloads
Referências
1. Cornescu GM, Panaite TD, Untea AE, Varzaru I, Saracila M, Dumitru M, et al. Mitigation of heat stress effects on laying hens’ performances, egg quality, and some blood parameters by adding dietary zinc-enriched yeasts, parsley, and their combination. Front Vet Sci. 15 juin 2023;10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1202058
2. Pradista LA, Veronica M, Widyas N, Prastowo S, Ratriyanto A. Application of logistic model to predict egg production pattern of quails given a low-energy diet supplemented with methionine. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing Ltd; 2021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/902/1/012017
3. Giannenas I, Sakkas P, Papadopoulos GA, Mitsopoulos I, Stylianaki I, Dokou S, et al. The association of Curcuma and Scutellaria plant extracts improves laying hen thermal tolerance and egg oxidative stability and quality under heat stress conditions. Front Vet Sci. 3 août 2022;9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.957847
4. Ratriyanto A, Prastowo S, Sofyan A, Widyas N, Pradista LA. Osmoprotective function of betaine maintains the physiological parameters of quail raised in tropical environments. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Institute of Physics; 2024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1360/1/012034
5. Zhu YW, Lu L, Li WX, Zhang LY, Ji C, Lin X, et al. Effect of dietary manganese on antioxidant status and expressions of heat shock proteins and factors in tissues of laying broiler breeders under normal and high environmental temperatures. British Journal of Nutrition. 14 déc 2016;116(11):1851 60. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516003822
6. Kim DH, Lee YK, Kim SH, Lee KW. The impact of temperature and humidity on the performance and physiology of laying hens. Animals. 30 déc 2020;11(1):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010056
7. Onagbesan OM, Uyanga VA, Oso O, Tona K, Oke OE. Alleviating heat stress effects in poultry: updates on methods and mechanisms of actions. Front Vet Sci. 27 sept 2023;10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1255520
8. Waeothong T, Lee JW, Hsia LC. Investigation of the zinc accumulation in the tissue and performance in broilers raised with high levels of zinc sulfate feed under heat stress. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 29 juin 2021;45(3):427 36. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1911-65
9. Palanisamy V, PC S, Pineda L, Han Y. Effect of supplementing hydroxy trace minerals (Cu, Zn, and Mn) on egg quality and performance of laying hens under tropical conditions. Anim Biosci. 1 nov 2023;36(11):1709 17. https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.22.0416
10. Babinszky L, Oliveira J, Santos EM. Advanced Studies in the 21st Century Animal Nutrition. Babinszky L, Oliveira J, Mauro Santos E, éditeurs. Vol. 8. IntechOpen; 2021. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92512
11. Ratriyanto A, Pradista LA, Sari SRP, Prastowo S, Widyas N. Effect of betaine supplementation on the growth pattern of quails reared in a tropical environment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing Ltd; 2021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/902/1/012018
12. Mohammadizad T, Taherpour K, Ghasemi HA, Shirzadi H, Tavakolinasab F, Nazaran MH. Potential benefits of advanced chelate-based trace minerals in improving bone mineralization, antioxidant status, immunity, and gene expression modulation in heat-stressed broilers. PLoS One. 2 oct 2024;19(10):e0311083. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311083
13. Suresh BN, Prabhu TM, Indresh HC, Suma N, Gouri MD. Effect of organic and nano trace minerals at reduced levels in layer diets on egg quality characteristics and its trace mineral content. Indian J Anim Sci. 6 août 2024;94(8):700 6. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i8.151707
14. Santos MJB, Ludke MCMM, Silva LM, Rabello CBV, Barros MR, Costa FS, et al. Complexed amino acid minerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated minerals: Impact on the performance of old laying hens. Animal Nutrition. mars 2024;16:395 408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2023.11.006
15. Zhu YW, Lu L, Li WX, Zhang LY, Ji C, Lin X, et al. Effect of dietary manganese on antioxidant status and expression levels of heat-shock proteins and factors in tissues of laying broiler breeders under normal and high environmental temperatures. British Journal of Nutrition. 28 déc 2015;114(12):1965 74. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515003803
16. Liao X, Li W, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Lu L, Lin X, et al. Effects of environmental temperature and dietary zinc on egg production performance, egg quality and antioxidant status and expression of heat-shock proteins in tissues of broiler breeders. British Journal of Nutrition. 14 juill 2018;120(1):3 12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518001368
17. Mabe I, Rapp C, Bain M, Nys Y. Supplementation of a corn-soybean meal diet with manganese, copper, and zinc from organic or inorganic sources improves eggshell quality in aged laying hens. Poult Sci. déc 2003;82(12):1903 13. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.12.1903
18. Elnesr SS, Mahmoud BY, da Silva Pires PG, Moraes P, Elwan HAM, El-Shall NA, et al. Trace Minerals in Laying Hen Diets and Their Effects on Egg Quality. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1 déc 2024;202(12):5664 79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-024-04121-8
19. Sahin K, Sahin N, Kucuk O, Hayirli A, Prasad AS. Role of dietary zinc in heat-stressed poultry: A review. Poult Sci. oct 2009;88(10):2176 83. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00560
20. Lohman Breeders GmbH Lohmann Brown-Classic Layers Management Guide. Cuxhaven, Germany: Lohmann Breeders GmbH; 2020.
21. Kayode TB, Ayobami OO. Effect of crude hesperidin and asorbic acid on nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance and carcass characteristics of heat-stressed broiler finisher chicken. Berkeley Journal of Entomology and Agronomy Studies. 2025;9(1):45 56. https://doi.org/10.70382/bejhmns.v9i3.015.
22. AOAC. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 20e éd. Dr. George W. Latimer Jr, éditeur. Rockville, Maryland 20850–3250, USA: AOAC International; 2016.
23. R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2024.
24. Wahid Z Al, Pradista LA, Kusumaningrum R, Lanjar, Widyas N, Ratriyanto A, et al. Antibody titer uniformity in Indonesian Native Chickens against avian pathogens in a tropical environment : a three-time series study. E3S Web of Conference. 2023;467(05006):3 8. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346705006
25. Zulovich JM, DeShazer JA. Estimating egg production declines at high environmental temperatures and humidities. ASAE Pap. St Joseph, MI. 15.: ASAE; 1990. No. 90-4021.
26. Kim HR, Ryu C, Lee SD, Cho JH, Kang H. Effects of heat stress on the laying performance, egg quality, and physiological response of laying hens. Animals. 2 avr 2024;14(7):1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071076
27. Ajakaiye JJ, Perez-Bello A, Cuesta-Mazorra M, Polanco Expósito G, Mollineda-Trujillo Á. Vitamins C and E affect plasma metabolites and production performance of layer chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) under condition of high ambient temperature and humidity. Arch Anim Breed. 10 oct 2010;53(6):708 19. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-53-708-2010
28. Kim DY, Han GP, Lim C, Kim JM, Kil DY. Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on the liver transcriptome profile in broiler chickens under heat stress conditions. Anim Biosci. 1 nov 2023;36(11):1632 46. https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.23.0228
29. Lara L, Rostagno M. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. Animals. 24 avr 2013;3(2):356 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani3020356
30. Ranjan A, Sinha R, Devi I, Rahim A, Tiwari S. Effect of heat stress on poultry production and their managemental approaches. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 20 févr 2019;8(02):1548 55. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.802.181
31. He S, Zhao S, Dai S, Liu D, Bokhari SG. Effects of dietary betaine on growth performance, fat deposition and serum lipids in broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Animal Science Journal. 1 oct 2015;86(10):897 903. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12372
32. Won SY, Han GP, Kwon CH, Lee EC, Kil DY. Effect of individual or combination of dietary betaine and glycine on productive performance, stress response, liver health, and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions. Poult Sci. 1 juill 2023;102(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102771
33. Shakeri M, Cottrell JJ, Wilkinson S, Le HH, Suleria HAR, Warner RD, et al. Growth performance and characterization of meat quality of broiler chickens supplemented with betaine and antioxidants under cyclic heat stress. Antioxidants. 1 sept 2019;8(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8090336
34. Seven PT. The effects of dietary turkish propolis and vitamin C on performance, digestibility, egg production and egg quality in laying hens under different environmental temperatures. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 3 juill 2008;21(8):1164 70. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70605
35. Sun Q, Guo Y, Li J, Zhang T, Wen J. Effects of methionine hydroxy analog chelated Cu/Mn/Zn on laying performance, egg quality, enzyme activity and mineral retention of laying hens. J Poult Sci. 2012;49(1):20 5. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.011055
36. S. K, D. M, R. C, T. S, P. M. Implications of diet and quality consistence of feed on poultry layers egg quality. Afr J Agric Res. 31 août 2022;18(8):617 31. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2022.15948
37. Mohamed ASA, Lozovskiy AR, Ali AMA. Strategies to combat the deleterious impacts of heat stress through feed restrictions and dietary supplementation (vitamins, minerals) in broilers. J Indones Trop Anim Agric. 20 juin 2019;44(2):155. https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.44.2.155-166
38. Obianwuna UE, Oleforuh-Okoleh VU, Wang J, Zhang HJ, Qi GH, Qiu K, et al. Natural products of plants and animal origin improve albumen quality of chicken eggs. Front Nutr. 10 juin 2022;9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.875270
39. Lim HS, Paik IK. Effects of supplementary mineral methionine chelates (Zn, Cu, Mn) on the performance and eggshell quality of laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 1 janv 2003;16(12):1804 8. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.1804
40. Souza JC da SM de, Trindade Neto MA. Dietary levels of methionine plus cystine and chelated copper on the chemical composition of eggs and yolk cholesterol of 49-week-old brown laying hens. Semin Cienc Agrar. 10 janv 2020;41(1):269 82. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p269
41. Wahid Z Al, Pradista LA, Prastowo S, Ratriyanto A. Betaine alter SCFA-producing bacteria population in laying pullet reared in tropical climate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science; 2024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1341/1/012060
42. Patra AK, Kar I. Heat stress on microbiota composition, barrier integrity, and nutrient transport in gut, production performance, and its amelioration in farm animals. J Anim Sci Technol. mars 2021;63(2):211 47. https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2021.e48
43. Al-Sultan S, Abdel-Raheem S, Abd-Allah S, Edris A. Alleviation of chronic heat stress in broilers by dietary supplementation of novel feed additive combinations. Slovenian Veterinary Research. 6 mars 2019;56(22-Suppl). https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-766-2019
44. Gholizadeh H, Torki M, Mohammadi H. Production performance, egg quality and some blood parameters of heat stressed laying hens as affected by dietary supplemental Vit B6, Mg and Zn. Vet Med Sci. 22 mars 2022;8(2):681 94. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.737
45. Mahmoudi M, Azarfar A, Khosravinia H. Partial replacement of dietary methionine with betaine and choline in heat-stressed broiler chickens. Journal of Poultry Science. 2018;55(1):28 37. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0170087
46. Wen A, Dai S, Wu X, Cai Z. Copper bioavailability, mineral utilization, and lipid metabolism in broilers. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 31 déc 2019;64(12):483 90. https://doi.org/10.17221/210/2019-CJAS
47. Noori AS, Jameel Z, Saki AA, Zamani P, Mirzaei Goudarzi S. Egg yolk cholesterol, egg quality, and performance in response to copper–methionine chelates and alfalfa powder supplementation in Nick chick laying hen diets. J Indones Trop Anim Agric. 31 août 2023;48(3):182 93. https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.3.182-193
48. Kholif AE, Hassan AA, Matloup OH, El Ashry GM. Top-dressing of chelated phytogenic feed additives in the diet of lactating Friesian cows to enhance feed utilization and lactational performance. Annals of Animal Science. 1 avr 2021;21(2):657 73. https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2020-0086
49. Chen H, Li Y, Cao S, Wang M, Mu Y, Wu X. Synergistic effects of copper and bile acids on cholesterol reduction in eggs of laying hens. Poult Sci. juill 2025;104(7):105202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105202
50. Akdemir F, Sahin N, Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Sahin K, Hayirli A. Chromium-histidinate ameliorates productivity in heat-stressed Japanese quails through reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting heat-shock protein expression. Br Poult Sci. 4 mars 2015;56(2):247 54. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2015.1008992
51. Boontiam W, Kumari P. Effect of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp extract in reducing the heat stress of laying quails. Adv Anim Vet Sci. 2019;7(6). https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2019/7.6.452.460
52. Bekkouch O, Bekkouch A, Elbouny H, Touiss I, Assri S El, Choukri M, et al. Combinatorial effects of Zingiber officinale and Citrus limon juices: Hypolipidemic and antioxidant insights from in vivo, in vitro, and in silico investigations. PLoS One. 12 sept 2025;20(9):e0319721. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319721
53. Elkin RG. Reducing shell egg cholesterol content. II. Review of approaches utilizing non-nutritive dietary factors or pharmacological agents and an examination of emerging strategies. Worlds Poult Sci J. 1 mars 2007;63(1):5 32. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933907001249
54. Wang H, Wu K, Mi X, Rajput SA, Qi D. Effects of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors on cholesterol metabolism in laying hens. Animals. 3 juin 2023;13(11):1868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13111868
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Ciência Animal Brasileira / Brazilian Animal Science
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
Declaração de dados
-
Os dados de pesquisa estão disponíveis sob demanda, condição justificada no manuscrito
