Fatores promotores e inibidores de esperança para famílias no contexto da saúde mental: revisão de escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v28.78288Resumo
Objetivo: mapear as evidências científicas sobre os fatores promotores e inibidores de esperança em famílias que vivenciam situações de sofrimento psíquico. Métodos: revisão de escopo, fundamentada no referencial preconizado pelo JBI, e no Modelo de Esperança de Dufault e Martocchio. Para a qualidade e transparência dos resultados, utilizou-se o guideline Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Foram selecionados artigos nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDEnf, PsycInfo, e nos portais Banco de Dados de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Web of Science (WoS). Resultados: das 204 obras recuperadas na busca, foram selecionadas 71. Os fatores promotores de esperança envolveram estratégias de cuidados e tratamentos assertivos; conhecimento sobre o quadro clínico do familiar; melhora do estado de saúde do familiar; pensamentos positivos orientados para o futuro; espiritualidade; apoio familiar e apoio social. Os fatores inibidores de esperança consistiram em: prognóstico negativo da condição clínica do familiar; desinformação sobre a doença e o quadro clínico do familiar; e sentimentos negativos. Conclusão: há fatores que inibem a esperança e que podem contribuir para sofrimento mental de famílias. Por outro lado, há fatores que promovem a esperança e podem orientar estratégias para que as famílias ressignifiquem a sua adversidade.
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